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1.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 41(8): 461-467, nov. 2017. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-168423

RESUMO

Objetivo: Valorar el efecto de la FiO2 sobre el sesgo y la precisión en la medición del consumo de oxígeno (V˙O2) y la producción de dióxido de carbono (V˙CO2) con el monitor E-COVX en pacientes con ventilación mecánica. Diseño: Descriptivo de concordancia. Ámbito: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. Pacientes o participantes: Pacientes con ventilación mecánica. Intervenciones: Se midieron el V˙O2 y la V˙CO2 con el monitor E-COVX. Los valores de V˙O2 y V˙CO2 fueron el promedio de 5min. Dos grupos de 30 pacientes. Se analizó: 1) la reproducibilidad de la medición del V˙O2 y la V˙CO2 con una FiO2 de 0,4, y 2) el efecto de los cambios en la FiO2 sobre el V˙O2 y la V˙CO2. Análisis estadístico por el método de Bland y Altman. Variables de interés principales: Sesgo y precisión. Resultados: 1) Reproducibilidad a una FiO2 de 0,4: los sesgos en la medición del V˙O2 y la V˙CO2 fueron de 1,6 y 2,1mL/min, respectivamente, y los errores en la precisión fueron de 9,7 a −8,3% y de 7,2 a −5,2%, respectivamente, y 2) efecto de la FiO2 sobre el V˙O2: el sesgo del V˙O2 medido a una FiO2 de 0,4 y 0,6 fue de −4,0mL/min y a FiO2 de 0,4 y 0,8, de 5,2mL/min. La precisión entre FiO2 de 0,4 y 0,6 fue de 11,9 a −14,1%, y entre FiO2 de 0,4 y 0,8, de 43,9 a −39,7%. Conclusiones: El monitor E-COVX mide el V˙O2 y la V˙CO2 en pacientes críticos con ventilación mecánica con un sesgo y una precisión clínicamente aceptables hasta una FiO2 de 0,6 (AU)


Objective: We evaluated the effect of changes in FiO2 on the bias and accuracy of the determination of oxygen consumption (V˙O2) and carbon dioxide production (V˙CO2) using the E-COVX monitor in patients with mechanical ventilation. Design: Descriptive of concordance. Setting: Intensive Care Unit. Patients or participants: Patients with mechanical ventilation. Interventions: We measured V˙O2 and V˙CO2 using the E-COVX monitor. Values recorded were the average in 5min. Two groups of 30 patients. We analyzed: 1) the reproducibility in the measurement of V˙O2 and V˙CO2 at FiO2 0.4, and 2) the effect of the changes in FiO2 on the measurement of V˙O2 and V˙CO2. Statistical analysis was performed using Bland and Altman test. Variables of main interest: Bias and accuracy. Results: 1) FiO2 0.4 reproducibility: The bias in the measurement of V˙O2 and V˙CO2 was 1.6 and 2.1mL/min, respectively, and accuracy was 9.7 to −8.3% and 7.2 to −5.2%, respectively, and 2) effect of FiO2 on V˙O2: The bias of V˙O2 measured at FiO2 0.4 and 0.6 was −4.0mL/min and FiO2 0.4 and 0.8 was 5.2mL/min. Accuracy between FiO2 0.4 and 0.6 was 11.9 to −14.1%, and between FiO2 0.4 and 0.8 was 43.9 to −39.7%. Conclusions: The E-COVX monitor evaluates V˙O2 and V˙CO2 in critical patients with mechanical ventilation with a clinically acceptable accuracy until FiO2 0.6 (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Consumo de Oxigênio , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Dióxido de Carbono/uso terapêutico , Troca Gasosa Pulmonar , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Protocolos Clínicos , Calorimetria Indireta , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Nutrição Enteral , Taxa Respiratória
2.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 41(6): 330-338, ago.-sept. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-165506

RESUMO

Objective: To evaluate the effect of enteral nutrition volume, gastrointestinal function and the type of acid suppressive drug upon the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation (MV). Design: A retrospective secondary analysis was carried out. Setting: The Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital. Patients or participants: Patients≥18-years-old expected to need MV for more than four days, and receiving enteral nutrition by nasogastric tube within 24h of starting MV. Interventions: We correlated enteral nutrition volume administered during the first 10 days, gastrointestinal function and the type of acid suppressive therapy with the episodes of lower respiratory tract infection up until day 28. Cox proportional hazards ratios in univariate and adjusted multivariate models were used. Statistical significance was considered for p<0.05. Main variables of interest: Lower respiratory tract infection episodes. Results: Sixty-six out of 185 patients (35.7%) had infection; 27 patients had ventilator-associated pneumonia; and 39 presented ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis. Uninfected and infected groups were similar in terms of enteral nutrition volume (54±12 and 54±9mL/h; p=0.94) and caloric intake (19.4±4.9 and 19.6±5.2kcal/kg/d; p=0.81). The Cox proportional hazards model showed neurological indication of MV to be the only independent variable related to infection (p=0.001). Enteral nutrition volume, the type of acid suppressive therapy, and the use of prokinetic agents were not significantly correlated to infection. Conclusions: Enteral nutrition volume and caloric intake, gastrointestinal dysfunction and the type of acid suppressive therapy used were not associated to lower respiratory tract infection in patients on MV (AU)


Objetivo: Valorar el efecto del volumen de nutrición enteral, la función gastrointestinal y el tipo de protección gástrica en la incidencia de infección respiratoria del tracto inferior en pacientes críticos con ventilación mecánica (VM). Diseño: Análisis secundario retrospectivo. Ámbito: La Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital universitario. Pacientes o participantes: Pacientes con edad≥18 años que se espera que precisen de VM durante>4 días y reciban nutrición enteral en las primeras 24h. Intervenciones: Correlacionamos el volumen de nutrición enteral administrado durante los primeros 10 días, la función gastrointestinal y el tipo de protección gástrica con los episodios de infección pulmonar del tracto inferior hasta el día 28. Utilizamos el modelo de regresión de Cox. Un valor de p<0,05 fue considerado estadísticamente significativo. Principal variable de interés: Episodios de infección del tracto respiratorio inferior. Resultados: Sesenta y seis de los 185 pacientes (35,7%) presentaron infección, 27 pacientes neumonía y 39 traqueobronquitis. Los pacientes no infectados e infectados fueron similares en el volumen de nutrición enteral (54±12 y 54±9mL/h; p=0,94) y aporte calórico (19,4±4,9 y 19,6±5,2kcal/kg/d; p=0,81). El modelo de regresión de Cox mostró que la causa neurológica de VM fue la única variable independiente asociada con infección (p=0,001). El volumen de nutrición enteral, el tipo de protección gástrica y la función gastrointestinal no se correlacionaron significativamente con la infección. Conclusiones: El volumen y aporte calórico de nutrición enteral, la disfunción gastrointestinal y el tipo de protección gástrica no se asociaron a la infección del tracto respiratorio inferior en pacientes con VM (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica/epidemiologia , Nutrição Enteral/métodos , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Ingestão de Energia/fisiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/uso terapêutico
3.
Med Intensiva ; 41(8): 461-467, 2017 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28283325

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effect of changes in FiO2 on the bias and accuracy of the determination of oxygen consumption (V˙O2) and carbon dioxide production (V˙CO2) using the E-COVX monitor in patients with mechanical ventilation. DESIGN: Descriptive of concordance. SETTING: Intensive Care Unit. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Patients with mechanical ventilation. INTERVENTIONS: We measured V˙O2 and V˙CO2 using the E-COVX monitor. Values recorded were the average in 5min. Two groups of 30 patients. We analyzed: 1) the reproducibility in the measurement of V˙O2 and V˙CO2 at FiO2 0.4, and 2) the effect of the changes in FiO2 on the measurement of V˙O2 and V˙CO2. Statistical analysis was performed using Bland and Altman test. VARIABLES OF MAIN INTEREST: Bias and accuracy. RESULTS: 1) FiO2 0.4 reproducibility: The bias in the measurement of V˙O2 and V˙CO2 was 1.6 and 2.1mL/min, respectively, and accuracy was 9.7 to -8.3% and 7.2 to -5.2%, respectively, and 2) effect of FiO2 on V˙O2: The bias of V˙O2 measured at FiO2 0.4 and 0.6 was -4.0mL/min and FiO2 0.4 and 0.8 was 5.2mL/min. Accuracy between FiO2 0.4 and 0.6 was 11.9 to -14.1%, and between FiO2 0.4 and 0.8 was 43.9 to -39.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The E-COVX monitor evaluates V˙O2 and V˙CO2 in critical patients with mechanical ventilation with a clinically acceptable accuracy until FiO2 0.6.


Assuntos
Testes Respiratórios/instrumentação , Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo , Monitorização Fisiológica/instrumentação , Consumo de Oxigênio , Troca Gasosa Pulmonar , Adulto , Idoso , Analgésicos Opioides/farmacologia , Calorimetria Indireta , Cuidados Críticos , Ingestão de Energia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipnóticos e Sedativos/farmacologia , Medidas de Volume Pulmonar/instrumentação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oxigênio/análise , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Respiração Artificial
4.
Med Intensiva ; 41(6): 330-338, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28292527

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of enteral nutrition volume, gastrointestinal function and the type of acid suppressive drug upon the incidence of lower respiratory tract infections in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation (MV). DESIGN: A retrospective secondary analysis was carried out. SETTING: The Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Patients≥18-years-old expected to need MV for more than four days, and receiving enteral nutrition by nasogastric tube within 24h of starting MV. INTERVENTIONS: We correlated enteral nutrition volume administered during the first 10 days, gastrointestinal function and the type of acid suppressive therapy with the episodes of lower respiratory tract infection up until day 28. Cox proportional hazards ratios in univariate and adjusted multivariate models were used. Statistical significance was considered for p<0.05. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Lower respiratory tract infection episodes. RESULTS: Sixty-six out of 185 patients (35.7%) had infection; 27 patients had ventilator-associated pneumonia; and 39 presented ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis. Uninfected and infected groups were similar in terms of enteral nutrition volume (54±12 and 54±9mL/h; p=0.94) and caloric intake (19.4±4.9 and 19.6±5.2kcal/kg/d; p=0.81). The Cox proportional hazards model showed neurological indication of MV to be the only independent variable related to infection (p=0.001). Enteral nutrition volume, the type of acid suppressive therapy, and the use of prokinetic agents were not significantly correlated to infection. CONCLUSIONS: Enteral nutrition volume and caloric intake, gastrointestinal dysfunction and the type of acid suppressive therapy used were not associated to lower respiratory tract infection in patients on MV.


Assuntos
Nutrição Enteral , Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica/epidemiologia , Respiração Artificial , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Estado Terminal , Ingestão de Energia , Nutrição Enteral/métodos , Feminino , Trato Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos
5.
Cuad. Hosp. Clín ; 58(2): 69-69, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-972845

RESUMO

Objetivo. Valorar el efecto del volumen de nutrición enteral, la función gastrointestinal y el tipo de protección gástrica en la incidencia de infección respiratoria del tracto inferior en pacientes críticos con ventilación mecánica (VM). Diseño Análisis secundario retrospectivo. Ámbito La Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital universitario. Pacientes o participantes Pacientes con edad≥18 años que se espera que precisen de VM durante>4 días y reciban nutrición enteral en las primeras 24h. Intervenciones Correlacionamos el volumen de nutrición enteral administrado durante los primeros 10 días, la función gastrointestinal y el tipo de protección gástrica con los episodios de infección pulmonar del tracto inferior hasta el día 28. Utilizamos el modelo de regresión de Cox. Un valor de p<0,05 fue considerado estadísticamente significativo. Principal variable de interés Episodios de infección del tracto respiratorio inferior. Resultados Sesenta y seis de los 185 pacientes (35,7 por ciento) presentaron infección, 27 pacientes neumonía y 39 traqueobronquitis. Los pacientes no infectados e infectados fueron similares en el volumen de nutrición enteral (54±12 y 54±9mL/h; p=0,94) y aporte calórico (19,4±4,9 y 19,6±5,2kcal/kg/d; p=0,81). El modelo de regresión de Cox mostró que la causa neurológica de VM fue la única variable independiente asociada con infección (p=0,001). El volumen de nutrición enteral, el tipo de protección gástrica y la función gastrointestinal no se correlacionaron significativamente con la infección. Conclusiones El volumen y aporte calórico de nutrición enteral, la disfunción gastrointestinal y el tipo de protección gástrica no se asociaron a la infección del tracto respiratorio inferior en pacientes con VM.


Assuntos
Nutrição Enteral , Sistema Respiratório , Ventiladores Mecânicos
6.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 40(9): 541-549, dic. 2016. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-158344

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Investigar las diferencias en la mortalidad a 28 días y otras variables pronósticas en 2 periodos: IBERICA-Mallorca (1996-1998) y Código Infarto-Illes Balears (CI-IB) (2008-2010). DISEÑO: Dos cohortes prospectivas observacionales. Ámbito: Hospital Universitario Son Dureta, 1996-1998 y 2008-2010. PACIENTES: Síndrome coronario agudo con elevación de ST de≤24h, de localización anterior e inferior. Variables principales de interés: Edad, sexo, factores de riesgo cardiovascular, localización, tiempos de actuación, tratamiento de reperfusión con fibrinólisis y angioplastia primaria, administración de ácido acetilsalicílico, betabloqueantes e inhibidores de la enzima conversora de la angiotensina. Se incluyeron el grado de Killip, las arritmias malignas, las complicaciones mecánicas y el fallecimiento a los 28 días. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 442 pacientes de los 889 incluidos en el IBERICA-Mallorca y 498 de los 847 registrados en el CI-IB. La localización y el Killip fueron similares en ambas cohortes. Las principales diferencias significativas entre el grupo IBERICA y el CI-IB fueron: edad (64 vs. 58 años), infarto previo (17,9 vs. 8,1%), tiempo síntomas-primer ECG (120 vs. 90min), tiempo primer ECG-fibrinólisis (60 vs. 35min), tratamiento fibrinolítico (54,8 vs. 18,7%), pacientes sin reperfusión (45,9 vs. 9,2%), angioplastia primaria (1,0 vs. 92,0%). La mortalidad a los 28 días fue inferior en el CI-IB (12,2 vs. 7,2%; hazard ratio 0,560; IC 95% 0,360-0,872; p = 0,010). CONCLUSIÓN: La mortalidad a los 28 días en el síndrome coronario agudo con elevación de ST en Mallorca ha disminuido en la última década, probablemente debido a un mayor tratamiento de reperfusión con angioplastia primaria y a una reducción de los tiempos de reperfusión


OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in mortality at 28 days and other prognostic variables in 2 periods: IBERICA-Mallorca (1996-1998) and Infarction Code of the Balearic Islands (IC-IB) (2008-2010). DESIGN: Two observational prospective cohorts. SETTING: Hospital Universitario Son Dureta, 1996-1998 and 2008-2010. PATIENTS: Acute coronary syndrome with ST elevation of≤24h of anterior and inferior site. Main variables of interest: Age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, site of AMI, time delays, reperfusion therapy with fibrinolysis and primary angioplasty, administration of acetylsalicylic acid, beta blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. Killip class, malignant arrhythmias, mechanical complications and death at 28 days were included. RESULTS: Four hundred and forty-two of the 889 patients included in the IBERICA-Mallorca and 498 of 847 in the IC-IB were analyzed. The site and Killip class on admission were similar in both cohorts. The main significant difference between IBERICA and IC-IB group were age (64 vs. 58 years), prior myocardial infarction (17.9 vs. 8.1%), the median symtoms to first ECG time (120 vs. 90min), median first ECG to fibrinolysis time (60 vs. 35min), fibrinolytic therapy (54.8 vs. 18.7%), patients without revascularization treatment (45.9 vs. 9.2%), primary angioplasty (1.0% vs. 92.0%). The mortality at 28 days was lower in the IC-IB (12.2 vs. 7.2%; hazard ratio 0.560; 95% CI 0.360-0.872; P=.010). CONCLUSION: The 28-day mortality in acute coronary syndrome with ST elevation in Mallorca has declined in the last decade, basically due to increased reperfusion therapy with primary angioplasty and reducing delays time to reperfusion


Assuntos
Humanos , Registros de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Infarto do Miocárdio/mortalidade , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Reperfusão Miocárdica/estatística & dados numéricos , Angioplastia Coronária com Balão/estatística & dados numéricos , Distribuição por Idade e Sexo
8.
Med Intensiva ; 40(9): 541-549, 2016 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27298077

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in mortality at 28 days and other prognostic variables in 2 periods: IBERICA-Mallorca (1996-1998) and Infarction Code of the Balearic Islands (IC-IB) (2008-2010). DESIGN: Two observational prospective cohorts. SETTING: Hospital Universitario Son Dureta, 1996-1998 and 2008-2010. PATIENTS: Acute coronary syndrome with ST elevation of≤24h of anterior and inferior site. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Age, sex, cardiovascular risk factors, site of AMI, time delays, reperfusion therapy with fibrinolysis and primary angioplasty, administration of acetylsalicylic acid, beta blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. Killip class, malignant arrhythmias, mechanical complications and death at 28 days were included. RESULTS: Four hundred and forty-two of the 889 patients included in the IBERICA-Mallorca and 498 of 847 in the IC-IB were analyzed. The site and Killip class on admission were similar in both cohorts. The main significant difference between IBERICA and IC-IB group were age (64 vs. 58 years), prior myocardial infarction (17.9 vs. 8.1%), the median symtoms to first ECG time (120 vs. 90min), median first ECG to fibrinolysis time (60 vs. 35min), fibrinolytic therapy (54.8 vs. 18.7%), patients without revascularization treatment (45.9 vs. 9.2%), primary angioplasty (1.0% vs. 92.0%). The mortality at 28 days was lower in the IC-IB (12.2 vs. 7.2%; hazard ratio 0.560; 95% CI 0.360-0.872; P=.010). CONCLUSION: The 28-day mortality in acute coronary syndrome with ST elevation in Mallorca has declined in the last decade, basically due to increased reperfusion therapy with primary angioplasty and reducing delays time to reperfusion.


Assuntos
Infarto do Miocárdio/mortalidade , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia , Resultado do Tratamento
14.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 109(18): 702-6, 1997 Nov 22.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9499146

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Ten years of publications (1984-1993) about drug compliance in spanish hypertensive patients are presented. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A bibliography search of Medline (EBSCO CD-ROM ver 104.1, act Jul 1995), Indice Médico Español (CSIC CD-ROM, act Oct 1993) and other sources has been made. RESULTS: 39 articles have been located and 23 investigational publications have been analysed. All the publications, but one, have evaluated the compliance by an indirect method, mainly patient selfdeclaration. The degree of patient compliance determined by interviews, questionnaires or inquiries is 55.5% (IC 95%: 52.7-58.3). The patient compliance in the publications that use methods based in pill counts is 46.4% (IC 95%: 41.6-51.2). The treatment dropout is present in the 18.5% of the patients (IC 95%: 20.5-16.5). CONCLUSIONS: The drug compliance degree in Spanish patients with hypertension is low.


Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Cooperação do Paciente , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Autorrevelação , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários
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